Specialty Steels Enable Micron-Level Breakthroughs in Precision Machining
2025-05-30
For precision machining in the electronics and information technology sectors, the electrical conductivity and micromachining suitability of steel are crucial.
As high-end manufacturing strives for "ultimate precision," precision machining, as a core process, directly determines the performance and quality of key products such as chips, aircraft engines, and medical devices. Specialty steels, with their excellent mechanical properties, stable machining characteristics, and extreme dimensional accuracy, have become the core base material in precision machining. Their "steel ingenuity" supports micron- and even nanometer-level machining needs, driving the high-end manufacturing industry's transition from "Made in China" to "Made in China with Precision."
In the machining of precision aerospace components, steel's high strength and machining stability are crucial. The high-temperature alloy steel used to manufacture aircraft engine turbine blades maintains a tensile strength exceeding 800 MPa even at temperatures exceeding 1000°C. Five-axis precision machining achieves dimensional tolerances of 0.005 mm, ensuring stable engine operation under extreme operating conditions. Titanium alloy composite steel used in spacecraft structural components achieves a surface roughness of less than Ra 0.02 μm after laser precision cutting and grinding, meeting the requirements for lightweight and high-precision assembly of spacecraft.
For precision machining in the electronics and information technology sectors, the electrical conductivity and micromachining suitability of steel are crucial. Invar, a material used in chip packaging substrates, boasts an extremely low thermal expansion coefficient (α < 1.5 × 10⁻⁶/°C), enabling nanometer-level positioning accuracy during photolithography, ensuring precise transfer of chip circuit patterns. Highly elastic stainless steel, used in precision terminals for electronic connectors, achieves a terminal pitch tolerance of ±0.01 mm after stamping and electro-spark precision machining, meeting the stability requirements of high-frequency signal transmission in 5G devices. As precision machining evolves toward intelligent and green processes, steel technology continues to innovate. Ultrafine-grained bearing steel, by controlling the grain size to below 5μm, significantly improves the rotational accuracy and service life of precision bearings. The development of biodegradable steel for precision machining effectively reduces environmental pollution from machining waste. Specialty steels, with their "micron-level craftsmanship," are injecting core momentum into the precision machining sector, helping high-end manufacturing break through technological barriers and seize commanding heights in the global industrial chain.
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